Since Parkinson's causes dopamine-producing cells in the brain to die off, the main goal of treatment is to either replace or mimic dopamine. There are a few ways this is done. Dopaminergic Medications (dopamine replacers)
These are drugs that get converted into dopamine once they reach the brain:
- Levodopa/carbidopa Show Full Answer
Since Parkinson's causes dopamine-producing cells in the brain to die off, the main goal of treatment is to either replace or mimic dopamine. There are a few ways this is done. Dopaminergic Medications (dopamine replacers)
These are drugs that get converted into dopamine once they reach the brain:
- Levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet, Rytary, Crexont) — the most common treatment. Levodopa converts into dopamine in the brain, while carbidopa helps more of it get there
- COMT inhibitors like entacapone (Comtan) or opicapone (Ongentys) — help levodopa last longer in the brain
- MAO-B inhibitors like rasagiline (Azilect) or safinamide (Xadago) — slow the breakdown of dopamine so more stays available Dopamine Agonists (dopamine mimickers)
These don't convert into dopamine but instead mimic how dopamine works in the brain. Examples include pramipexole, ropinirole, and apomorphine (Apokyn). They tend to last longer but are generally less powerful than levodopa. Over time, medications may need adjusting as the brain's dopamine cells continue to decline. Options like extended-release levodopa, continuous infusion pumps, or even Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) can help manage this.
Always work closely with a neurologist to find the right combination — everyone's Parkinson's journey is a little different!
August 29
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